The epinephrine has been used as vasoconstrictor in dental anesthesia since 1905 for prolonging duration of action and mininizing side effects. But few investigations have been performed on quantitative aspects of lidocaine clearance induced by
epinephrine. In this investigation, the effect of graded concentration of epinephrine-1:25,000, 1:50,000, 1:100,000, 1:200,000 and 1:400,000 on clearance of lidocaine in oral mucosa has been studied.
In palatal mucosa of generally anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats, initial concentration and anesthetic concentration of lidocaine were determined. The concentration and clearance of lidocaine in control solution and solution containing graded
epinephrine
were estimated.
The initial and anesthetic concentration of lidocaine were 1.71㎍/mg and 0.83㎍/ml, respectively. Except the combination of the lowest two concentration of epinephrine, the sufficient amounts of lidocaine for anesthesia were retained at 60
minutes
after
infiltration. These results suggest that higher concentration of epinephrine than 1:100,000 is not necessary in dental anesthesia procedure.
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